Robert Bunsen

About Robert Bunsen

Who is it?: Chemist
Birth Day: March 30, 1811
Birth Place: Göttingen, German
Died On: 16 August 1899(1899-08-16) (aged 88)\nHeidelberg, Baden, German Empire (now Germany)
Birth Sign: Aries
Residence: Germany
Alma mater: University of Göttingen
Known for: Discovery of cacodyl radical; discoveries of caesium and rubidium. Invention of the Bunsen burner; carbon-zinc electrochemical cell; methods of gas analysis; development of spectrochemical analysis
Awards: Copley medal (1860) Davy Medal (1877) Albert Medal (1898)
Fields: Chemistry (career) Geology and mineralogy (retirement)
Institutions: Polytechnic School of Kassel University of Marburg University of Heidelberg University of Breslau
Doctoral advisor: Friedrich Stromeyer
Doctoral students: Adolf von Baeyer Fritz Haber Philipp Lenard Georg Ludwig Carius Hermann Kolbe Adolf Lieben Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Viktor Meyer Friedrich Konrad Beilstein Henry Enfield Roscoe John Tyndall Edward Frankland Thomas Edward Thorpe Francis Robert Japp
Other notable students: Dmitri Mendeleev

Robert Bunsen Net Worth

Robert Bunsen was born on March 30, 1811 in Göttingen, German, is Chemist. Robert Bunsen was a German chemist who developed the Bunsen burner with his laboratory assistant Peter Desaga. A pioneer in photochemistry, he developed several gas-analytical methods and also performed research in the field of organoarsenic chemistry. The son of a professor, he grew up in an intellectually stimulating environment and developed an interest in science quite early on. He grew up to study chemistry, physics, mineralogy, and mathematics at the University of Göttingen and earned his doctorate in chemistry. He embarked on an academic career and taught at the Universities of Marburg and Breslau among others. While he was not teaching, he busied himself with performing experiments in the laboratory. Passionately committed to chemistry, he worked with substances such as cacodyl derivatives, sodium, barium, calcium, hydrogen and chlorine to make new discoveries and inventions. Some of his experiments posed potential dangers to his health and life, and he once almost died from arsenic poisoning. In addition to being an exceptional chemist, he was also skilled in designing apparatus and laboratory equipment. Among his numerous inventions are a carbon-zinc electric cell, the grease-spot photometer, the ice calorimeter, and the Bunsen burner. He never married and dedicated his entire life to scientific pursuits.
Robert Bunsen is a member of Scientists

💰 Net worth: Under Review

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Biography/Timeline

1811

Robert Bunsen was born at Göttingen in 1811, in what is now the state of Lower Saxony in Germany. Bunsen was the youngest of four sons of the University of Göttingen's chief librarian and professor of modern philology, Christian Bunsen (1770–1837). Sources disagree on Robert Bunsen's exact birth date. His parish register, as well as two curricula vitae handwritten by Bunsen himself, support the claim that 30 March 1811 is Bunsen's true birth date; however, many later sources cite 31 March as the date. According to his biographer Georg Lockemann, Bunsen himself celebrated his birthday on the 31st in his later years. Lockemann nevertheless regarded the 30th as the correct date.

1828

After attending school in Holzminden, Bunsen matriculated at Göttingen in 1828 and studied chemistry with Friedrich Stromeyer as well as mineralogy with Johann Friedrich Ludwig Hausmann and mathematics with Carl Friedrich Gauss. After obtaining a PhD in 1831, Bunsen spent 1832 and 1833 traveling in Germany, France, and Austria; Friedlieb Runge (who discovered aniline and in 1819 isolated caffeine), Justus von Liebig in Giessen, and Eilhard Mitscherlich in Bonn were among the many Scientists he met on his journeys.

1833

In 1833 Bunsen became a lecturer at Göttingen and began experimental studies of the (in)solubility of metal salts of arsenous acid. His discovery of the use of iron oxide hydrate as a precipitating agent is still today the most effective antidote against arsenic poisoning. This interdisciplinary research was carried on and published in conjunction with the physician Arnold Adolph Berthold. In 1836, Bunsen succeeded Friedrich Wöhler at the Polytechnic School of Kassel (German: Baugewerkschule Kassel). Bunsen taught there for three years, and then accepted an associate professorship at the University of Marburg, where he continued his studies on cacodyl derivatives. He was promoted to full professorship in 1841. While at University of Marburg, Bunsen participated in the 1846 expedition for the investigation of Iceland's volcanoes.

1841

Bunsen's work brought him quick and wide acclaim, partly because cacodyl, which is extremely toxic and undergoes spontaneous combustion in dry air, is so difficult to work with. Bunsen almost died from arsenic poisoning, and an explosion with cacodyl cost him sight in his right eye. In 1841, Bunsen created the Bunsen cell battery, using a carbon electrode instead of the expensive platinum electrode used in william Robert Grove's electrochemical cell. Early in 1851 he accepted a professorship at the University of Breslau, where he taught for three semesters.

1852

In late 1852 Bunsen became the successor of Leopold Gmelin at the University of Heidelberg. There he used electrolysis to produce pure metals, such as chromium, magnesium, aluminum, manganese, sodium, barium, calcium and lithium. A long collaboration with Henry Enfield Roscoe began in 1852, in which they studied the photochemical formation of hydrogen chloride (HCl) from hydrogen and chlorine. From this work, the reciprocity law of Bunsen and Roscoe originated. He discontinued his work with Roscoe in 1859 and joined Gustav Kirchhoff to study emission spectra of heated elements, a research area called spectrum analysis. For this work, Bunsen and his laboratory assistant, Peter Desaga, had perfected a special gas burner by 1855, which was influenced by earlier Models. The newer design of Bunsen and Desaga, which provided a very hot and clean flame, is now called simply the "Bunsen burner", a Common laboratory equipment.

1859

There had been earlier studies of the characteristic colors of heated elements, but nothing systematic. In the summer of 1859, Kirchhoff suggested to Bunsen that he should try to form prismatic spectra of these colors. By October of that year the two Scientists had invented an appropriate instrument, a prototype spectroscope. Using it, they were able to identify the characteristic spectra of sodium, lithium, and potassium. After numerous laborious purifications, Bunsen proved that highly pure samples gave unique spectra. In the course of this work, Bunsen detected previously unknown new blue spectral emission lines in samples of mineral water from Dürkheim. He guessed that these lines indicated the existence of an undiscovered chemical element. After careful distillation of forty tons of this water, in the spring of 1860 he was able to isolate 17 grams of a new element. He named the element "caesium", after the Latin word for deep blue. The following year he discovered rubidium, by a similar process.

1860

In 1860, Bunsen was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

1877

In 1877, Robert Bunsen together with Gustav Robert Kirchhoff were the first recipients of the prestigious Davy Medal "for their researches & discoveries in spectrum analysis".